\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}-\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)+bc\left(\dfrac{1}{a+c}-\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)+ca\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ab\left(a-b\right)}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{bc\left(b-c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\dfrac{ca\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ab\left(a^2-b^2\right)+bc\left(b^2-c^2\right)+ca\left(c^2-a^2\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{matrix}\right.\) hay tam giác cân

Lời giải:

Ta có : \(\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{bc}{c+a}+\frac{ca}{a+b}=\frac{ab}{c+a}+\frac{bc}{a+b}+\frac{ca}{b+c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(\frac{1}{b+c}-\frac{1}{c+a}\right)+bc\left(\frac{1}{c+a}-\frac{1}{a+b}\right)+ca\left(\frac{1}{a+b}-\frac{1}{b+c}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{ab(a-b)}{(b+c)(c+a)}+\frac{bc(b-c)}{(a+b)(a+c)}+\frac{ca(c-a)}{(b+a)(b+c)}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab(a^2-b^2)+bc(b^2-c^2)+ca(c^2-a^2)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab(a^2-b^2)-bc[(a^2-b^2)+(c^2-a^2)]+ca(c^2-a^2)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (a^2-b^2)(ab-bc)+(ca-bc)(c^2-a^2)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (ba+b^2)(a-b)(a-c)-(a-b)(a-c)(c^2+ca)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (a-b)(a-c)(b-c)(a+b+c)=0\)

Vì $a,b,c$ là ba cạnh tam giác nên \(a+b+c\neq 0\Rightarrow (a-b)(a-c)(b-c)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{matrix}\right.\). Do đó tam giác $ABC$ là tam giác cân.

a) \(1+tan^2B=1+\dfrac{AC^2}{AB^2}=\dfrac{AB^2+AC^2}{AB^2}=\dfrac{BC^2}{AB^2}=\dfrac{1}{\left(\dfrac{AB}{BC}\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{cos^2B}\)

b) Ta có: \(a.sinB.cosB=BC.\dfrac{AC}{BC}.\dfrac{AB}{BC}=\dfrac{AC.AB}{BC}=\dfrac{AH.BC}{BC}=AH\)

\(AB^2=BH.BC\Rightarrow BH=\dfrac{AB^2}{BC}=BC.\left(\dfrac{AB}{BC}\right)^2=BC.cos^2B\)

Tương tự \(\Rightarrow CH=BC.sin^2B\)

Lời giải:
\(a+b+c+\frac{9abc}{ab+bc+ac}\geq 4\left(\frac{ab}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{b+c}+\frac{ca}{c+a}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (a+b+c)(ab+bc+ac)+9abc\geq 4(ab+bc+ac)\left(\frac{ab}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{b+c}+\frac{ca}{c+a}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (a+b+c)(ab+bc+ac)+9abc\geq \frac{4a^2b^2}{a+b}+4abc+\frac{4b^2c^2}{b+c}+4abc+\frac{4a^2c^2}{a+c}+4abc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ca(c+a)\geq \frac{4a^2b^2}{a+b}+\frac{4b^2c^2}{b+c}+\frac{4a^2c^2}{a+c}(*)\)

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:

\(4ab\leq (a+b)^2\Rightarrow \frac{4a^2b^2}{a+b}\leq \frac{ab(a+b)^2}{a+b}=ab(a+b)\)

TT: \(\frac{4b^2c^2}{b+c}\leq bc(b+c); \frac{4c^2a^2}{c+a}\leq ac(a+c)\)

Cộng các BĐT trên ta thu được BĐT $(*)$. Tức là $(*)$ luôn đúng, kéo theo BĐT ban đầu luôn đúng

Ta có đpcm.

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$